M sub-shell X-ray fluorescence cross-section measurements in high Z elements with X-ray tube photon source

X-ray tube has been used for selective M sub-shell excitations in a single reflection set-up for Pt, Au, Pb, Th and U required for M sub-shell fluorescence cross-sections measurements. Weighted photon energy and total intensity of the incident flux between EM5 edge and tube anode voltage were evaluated following a specific procedure. Comparison of measured cross-sections with the calculated ones from existing DHS/DF model based theoretical data on atomic parameters lend support to the present findings

Intravenous leiomyomatosis

Intravenous leiomyomatosis is a rare benign smooth muscle tumour arising from a venous wall or a uterine leiomyoma. This case highlights that intra-cardiac leiomyomatosis should be considered as a differential diagnosis in addition to extended cancer or thrombus, in female patients, diagnosed with a right sided cardiac mass extending from the IVC. To prevent pulmonary embolism or sudden death in patients with intra-cardiac extension, complete surgical resection is necessary. One stage surgical removal has been recommended for complete resection

Effect of Deformation on Semi–infinite Viscothermoelastic Cylinder Based on Five Theories of Generalized Thermoelasticity

We considera dynamical problem for semi-infinite viscothermoelastic semi infinite cylinder loaded mechanically and thermally and investigated the behaviour of variations of displacements, temperatures and stresses. The problem has been investigated with the help of five theories of the generalized viscothermoelasticity by using the Kelvin – Voigt model. Laplace transformations and Hankel transformations are applied to equations of constituent relations, equations of motion and heat conduction to obtain exact equations in transformed domain. Hankel transformed equations are inverted analytically and for the inversion of Laplace transformation we apply numerical technique to obtain field functions. In order to obtain field functions i.e. displacements, temperature and stresses numerically we apply MATLAB software tools. Numerically analyzed results for the temperature, displacements and stresses are shown graphically

Multi-Objective ANT Lion Optimization Algorithm Based Mutant Test CaseSelection for Regression Testing

The regression testing is principally carried out on modified parts of the programs. The quality of programs is the only concern of regression testing in the case of produced software. Main challenges to select mutant test cases are related to the affected classes. In software regression testing, the identification of optimal mutant test case is another challenge. In this research work, an evolutionary approach multi objective ant-lion optimization (MOALO) is proposed to identify optimal mutant test cases. The selection of mutant test cases is processed as multi objective enhancement problem and these willsolve through MOALO algorithm. Optimal identification of mutant test cases is carried out by using the above algorithm which also enhances the regression testing efficiency. The proposed MOALO methods are implemented and tested using the Mat Lab software platform. On considering the populace size of 100, at that point the fitness estimation of the proposed framework, NSGA, MPSO, and GA are 3, 2.4, 1, and 0.3 respectively. The benefits and efficiencies of proposed methods are compared with random testing and existing works utilizing NSGA-II, MPSO, genetic algorithms in considerations of test effort, mutation score, fitness value, and time of execution. It is found that the execution times of MOALO, NSGA, MPSO, and GA are 2.8, 5, 6.5, and 7.8 respectively. Finally, it is observed that MOALO has higher fitness estimation with least execution time which indicates that MOALO methods provide better results in regression testing

Multi-Objective ANT Lion Optimization Algorithm Based Mutant Test Case Selection for Regression Testing

582-592The regression testing is principally carried out on modified parts of the programs. The quality of programs is the only concern of regression testing in the case of produced software. Main challenges to select mutant test cases are related to the affected classes. In software regression testing, the identification of optimal mutant test case is another challenge. In this research work, an evolutionary approach multi objective ant-lion optimization (MOALO) is proposed to identify optimal mutant test cases. The selection of mutant test cases is processed as multi objective enhancement problem and these will solve through MOALO algorithm. Optimal identification of mutant test cases is carried out by using the above algorithm which also enhances the regression testing efficiency. The proposed MOALO methods are implemented and tested using the Mat Lab software platform. On considering the populace size of 100, at that point the fitness estimation of the proposed framework, NSGA, MPSO, and GA are 3, 2.4, 1, and 0.3 respectively. The benefits and efficiencies of proposed methods are compared with random testing and existing works utilizing NSGA-II, MPSO, genetic algorithms in considerations of test effort, mutation score, fitness value, and time of execution. It is found that the execution times of MOALO, NSGA, MPSO, and GA are 2.8, 5, 6.5, and 7.8 respectively. Finally, it is observed that MOALO has higher fitness estimation with least execution time which indicates that MOALO methods provide better results in regression testing

Phylogenetic studies reveal existence of multiple lineages of a single genotype of DENV-1 (genotype III) in India during 1956–2007

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Dengue virus type 1 (DENV-1) have been mostly circulating silently with dominant serotypes DENV-2 and DENV-3 in India. However recent times have marked an increase in DENV-1 circulation in yearly outbreaks. Many studies have not been carried out on this virus type, leaving a lacunae pertaining to the circulating genotypes, since its earliest report in India. In the present study, we sequenced CprM gene junction of 13 DENV-1 isolated from Delhi and Gwalior (North India) between 2001–2007 and one 1956 Vellore isolate as reference. For comparison, we retrieved 11 other Indian and 70 global reference sequences from NCBI database, making sure that Indian and global isolates from all decades are available for comparative analysis.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The region was found to be AT rich with no insertion or deletion. Majority of the nucleotide substitutions were silent, except 3 non-conservative amino acid changes (I → T, A → T and L → S at amino acid positions 59,114 and 155 respectively) in the Indian DENV-1 sequences, sequenced in this study. Except two 1997–98 Delhi isolates, which group in genotype I; all other Indian isolates group in genotype III. All Indian genotype III DENV-1 exhibited diversity among them, giving rise to at least 4 distinct lineages (India 1–4) showing proximity to isolates from diverse geographic locations.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The extensive phylogenetic analysis revealed consistent existence of multiple lineages of DENV-1 genotype III during the last 5 decades in India.</p

Subjective Evaluation: A Comparison of Several Statistical Techniques

Evaluation of subjective examinations using computerized tools has been a topic of research for more than four decades. Several statistical and mathematical techniques have been proposed by various researchers. In this research work, the several methods proposed earlier like Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA), Generalized Latent Semantic Analysis (GLSA), Bilingual Evaluation Understudy (BLEU), and Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) are compared on common input data. The techniques are implemented using Java programming language, MatLab, and other open source tools. Experiments have been conducted and developed prototypes are tested using a database of 4500 answers with approximately 50 questions of computer science. Comparison of these techniques on a common database is not available in the literature as far as the authors' review is concerned. The database used for testing is collected by conducting tests of students of graduate level in the field of computer science. The pros and cons of each technique on the basis of experiments are discussed in the paper

Photon induced L

Photon induced L3 X-ray measurements for Lα/Lℓ cross-section ratios in elements, 66 ⩽ Z ⩽ 83, at tuned photon energies on synchrotron Beamline-16 at Indus-2, India have been used to study the effect of Coster-Kronig (CK) transitions and photon energies on alignment of L3 vacancies. Certainty and reliability of the measurements were checked from comparison of measured Lα and Lℓ fluorescence cross-sections at E1 excitation with available theoretical/empirical/experimental values that required additional measurements for source, geometry and efficiency factor S0GεLα/ℓ in the used set-up. Fall/rise trend of the ratios with energy for different Z’s was found to resemble the off/on-set pattern of CK transitions as pointed out by Bambynek et al. and Campbell. Evaluated alignment parameter A2 values are very much within the limits, 0.05 <A2< 0.5, except for Lu, Ta and Pb at E2 excitation and for W, Pt and Hg at E1 excitation where values are <0.05. At E3 excitation, the vacancies only in L3 are aligned (A2 ≦ 0.2) in all the cases. The pattern of A′2 (Coster-Kronig corrected A2) variation with energy for Dy, W, Pt, Hg and Bi resembles our previously reported theoretical patterns that lends mutual support for both current measurements and earlier theoretical results